Treatment for a Closed Head TBI:
In closed head injury, surgery does not correct the problem.  A bolt or ICP (intracranial pressure) monitoring device may be placed in the skull to monitor pressure in the brain cavity.  If there was bleeding in the skull cavity, this may removed through surgery or it may be drained. Bleeding vessels or tissue may need to be repaired as well.  In severe cases, if there is extensive swelling and damaged brain tissue, a portion may be surgically removed to make room for the living brain tissue.

Treatment for an Open Head TBI:
In an open head injury doctors are faced with the same issues as a closed head injury. However, in skull fractures may need to be repaired and damaged tissue removed as well.