The purpose of acute treatment for a brain injury is to minimizesecondary injury and life support. Mechanical ventilation supports breathing and helps keep the pressure down in the head. In addition to that, a device may be placed surgically in the brain cavity to monitor and help control intracranial pressure.

Medications to sedate and put the individual in a drug-induced coma may be used to minimize agitation and secondary injury.  Seizure prevention medications may also be given early on in the course of treatment and later if the individual has seizures.

Medications to control spasticity may be used during the time that the patient recovers function.  Behavioral issues also can be treated with medications.  Medications for attention problems and aggressive behavior are often tried as well.